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Cellulite : pathophysiology and treatment [electronic resource]
اطلاعات کتابشناختی
Cellulite : pathophysiology and treatment [electronic resource]
Author :
Publisher :
Taylor & Francis,
Pub. Year :
2006
Subjects :
Cellulite -- Pathophysiology. Obesity -- Pathophysiology. Adipose tissues --...
Call Number :
RC 628 .C42 2006
جستجو در محتوا
ترتيب
شماره صفحه
امتياز صفحه
فهرست مطالب
Cover Page
(1)
BASIC AND CLINICAL DERMATOLOGY
(3)
Title Page
(6)
ISBN 0824729854
(7)
Series Introduction
(8)
Foreword
(10)
Preface
(12)
WHY CELLULITE IS A CONCERN FOR US
(14)
REFERENCES
(16)
Contents
(18)
Contributors
(24)
1 Social Impact of Cellulite and Its Impact on Quality of Life
(26)
INTRODUCTION
(26)
ASPECTS OF CELLULITE RELATED TO QOL
(27)
CONCLUSIONS
(29)
REFERENCES
(30)
2 Definition, Clinical Aspects, Associated Conditions, and Differential Diagnosis
(32)
DEFINITION
(32)
NOMENCLATURE
(34)
CLINICAL ASPECTS
(34)
CLASSIFICATION
(36)
CLINICAL APPROACH
(36)
AGGRAVATING FACTORS
(41)
COMPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS
(44)
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
(46)
REFERENCES
(49)
APPENDIX
(52)
3 Anatomy of Cellulite and the Interstitial Matrix
(54)
INTRODUCTION
(54)
CELLULITE
(54)
LYMPHEDEMA
(55)
LIPEDEMA AND LIPOLYMPHEDEMA
(56)
DERCUM SYNDROME
(56)
‘‘BIG LEG’’
(57)
INTERSTITIAL MATRIX
(57)
REFERENCES
(63)
4 Pathophysiology of Cellulite
(66)
WHAT IS CELLULITE?
(66)
DEFINITION
(66)
HOW TO DEFINE THE UNAESTHETIC SIDE OF CELLULITE
(68)
CLASSIFICATION
(68)
EVOLUTION
(72)
WHEN DOES CELLULITE BECOME EVIDENT?
(72)
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CELLULITE AND OBESITY?
(72)
PREDISPOSING FACTORS
(73)
TRIGGERING FACTORS
(74)
LIPEDEMA AND LIPOLYMPHEDEMA: PATHOLOPHYSIOLOGIC HYPOTHESES
(75)
LYMPH
(77)
THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
(78)
LYMPHATIC CIRCULATION
(78)
VARIATIONS IN LYMPH
(79)
THE FIBROBLAST AND THE INTERSTITIAL MATRIX
(79)
THE ADIPOCYTE
(80)
HYPODERMIS AND FAT METABOLISM
(81)
LIPODYSTROPHY
(82)
THE LYMPHOADIPOSE SYSTEM
(83)
VENOUS–LYMPHATIC STASIS
(86)
HOW CELLULITE DEVELOPS
(87)
MANIFESTATIONS OF CELLULITE
(87)
CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION
(88)
WHY CELLULITE IS A CONCERN
(88)
LIPOSCLEROSIS AND LOCALIZED ADIPOSITY
(88)
ABOUT GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS
(92)
ETIOPATHOGENIC FACTORS
(93)
THE TERM ‘‘CELLULITE’’
(95)
REFERENCES
(97)
5 Diagnosis
(100)
PATIENT HISTORY
(100)
CLINICAL EXAMINATION
(100)
INSPECTION
(103)
PALPATION
(103)
POSTURE ASSESSMENT
(104)
PHLEBOLYMPHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT
(104)
ADIPOSE TISSUE ECHOGRAPHY
(104)
LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS
(105)
ROM TEST
(106)
PRIMARY INSTRUMENT EXAMINATIONS
(107)
VIDEOCAPILLAROSCOPY
(107)
REFLECTED LIGHT PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY
(109)
ECHOGRAPHY/ULTRASOUND
(109)
DYNAMIC FOOT STUDY
(111)
SECONDARY INSTRUMENT EXAMINATIONS
(111)
DOPPLER LASER
(111)
DOPPLER
(111)
ECHODOPPLER
(112)
THERMOGRAPHY
(113)
PHOTOGRAPHY
(113)
DIAGNOSIS
(113)
DISTRIBUTION
(114)
Generalized Cellulite
(114)
Localized Cellulite
(115)
CONSISTENCY
(116)
Hard Cellulite
(116)
Soft Cellulite
(117)
Edematous Cellulite
(118)
Mixed Cellulite
(119)
EVOLUTION
(119)
THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY
(120)
MEDICAL HISTORY
(120)
REFERENCES
(122)
APPENDIX
(123)
6 Cellulite Characterization by High-Frequency Ultrasound and High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(130)
INTRODUCTION
(130)
MATERIALS AND METHODS
(130)
SUBJECTS
(130)
US IMAGING
(131)
MR IMAGING
(131)
MR SPECTROSCOPY
(132)
STATISTICS
(132)
RESULTS
(133)
SKIN THICKNESS
(133)
ADIPOSE THICKNESS
(133)
3-D ARCHITECTURE OF ADIPOSE TISSUE
(134)
LIPID COMPONENTS AND WATER FRACTION IN ADIPOSE TISSUE
(137)
DISCUSSION
(137)
REFERENCES
(139)
7 Clinical–Therapeutic Classification: BIMED–TCD
(140)
INTRODUCTION
(140)
BINAZZI’S CLASSIFICATION
(140)
CURRI’S CLASSIFICATION
(141)
BARTOLETTI’S CLASSIFICATION
(141)
BIMED CLASSIFICATION
(142)
BIMED–TCD CLASSIFICATION
(152)
T FACTOR: AS A THERMOGRAPHIC OUTLINE OF ALBERGATI/ CURRI (11) ON A SCALE OF 0 TO 25
(152)
THE C FACTOR
(152)
TCD CODE
(154)
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION AND PROTOCOLS OF BIMED–TCD
(155)
EDEMATOUS CELLULITE
(156)
THERAPEUTIC PROTOCOL (60 DAYS) Phase 1 (20 Days)
(158)
ADIPOSE CELLULITE
(159)
THERAPEUTIC PROTOCOL (60 DAYS) Phase 1 (20 Days)
(160)
INTERSTITIAL CELLULITE (LIPEDEMA)
(160)
THERAPEUTIC PROTOCOL (60 DAYS) Phase 1 (20 Days)
(161)
FIBROUS CELLULITE
(162)
THERAPEUTIC PROTOCOL (60 DAYS) Phase 1 (20 Days)
(163)
SUMMARY
(164)
REFERENCES
(165)
8 Medical Treatment of Cellulite
(168)
INTRODUCTION
(168)
G. BILOBA EXTRACTS
(169)
PURIFIED ASIATIC CENTELLA: TRITERPENES AS PHYTOSOMES
(169)
MELILLOTUS OFFICINALIS EXTRACT
(169)
FUCUS VESCICULOSUS EXTRACT
(170)
ABSTRACTS OF STUDIES IN CELLASENE
(171)
NEW RESEARCH ABOUT THE USE OF CELLASENE OR CELLULASE GOLD
(172)
REFERENCES
(178)
9 Theory and Working Principles of Beautytek1 in Cosmetic Medicine
(180)
10 Topical Management of Cellulite
(184)
INTRODUCTION
(184)
DEFINITION AND NATURE OF CELLULITE
(185)
PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS OF CELLULITE FORMATION
(185)
TOPICAL MANAGEMENT
(186)
AGENTS THAT INCREASE MICROVASCULAR FLOW
(187)
AGENTS THAT REDUCE LIPOGENESIS AND PROMOTE LIPOLYSIS
(189)
AGENTS THAT RESTORE THE NORMAL STRUCTURE OF THE DERMAL AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE
(190)
AGENTS THAT PREVENT OR DESTROY FREE-RADICAL FORMATION
(190)
COMBINATION AGENTS
(191)
EXTERNAL AIDS TO TOPICAL THERAPY
(191)
ADVERSE EVENTS
(193)
CONCLUSION
(193)
REFERENCES
(194)
11 The Role of Endermologie in Treatment of Cellulite
(196)
INTRODUCTION
(196)
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(198)
EPIDERMIS
(198)
DERMIS
(198)
LIPODERMA
(199)
The Connective Tissue
(199)
The Interstitial Matrix
(201)
ADIPOSE TISSUE AND LIPODERMA
(201)
THE SUPERFICIAL FASCIA
(202)
MASSAGE
(203)
MANUAL LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
(203)
THE TECHNIQUE ‘‘ENDERMOLOGIE"
(203)
HISTORY AND PRINCIPLES
(203)
What Is Endermologie–Cellu M6?
(203)
MECHANISM OF ACTION
(204)
Treatment Phase
(206)
INDICATIONS
(206)
PHLEBOLYMPHOLOGY
(206)
PLASTIC AND AESTHETIC SURGERY
(206)
CELLULITIC SYNDROMES Cellulite and Endermologie
(206)
METHOD
(207)
CONCLUSIONS
(210)
REFERENCES
(211)
12 The Use of TriActive in the Treatment of Cellulite
(214)
MECHANISM
(214)
REVIEW OF CELLULITE
(214)
PARAMETERS
(214)
INITIAL STUDIES
(215)
OTHER USES
(216)
CONTRAINDICATIONS
(216)
PROTOCOL
(216)
13 Carboxytherapy
(222)
INTRODUCTION
(222)
INDICATIONS
(223)
TREATMENT METHOD
(226)
CONTRAINDICATIONS
(228)
SIDE EFFECTS
(230)
PROTOCOL FOR CARBOXYTHERAPY IN CELLULITE
(230)
CONCLUSIONS
(232)
REFERENCES
(234)
14 Surgical Treatment
(236)
A: Lipoplasty, Vibro-Assisted Liposuction, Lipofilling, and Ultrasonic Hydroliposuction
(236)
LIPOPLASTY
(236)
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
(237)
B: VASER
(245)
DEFINITION
(247)
FAT TISSUE VASCULARIZATION
(248)
AREOLAR FAT
(248)
DEEP FAT
(248)
PATIENT SELECTION
(248)
PRESURGICAL VISIT
(249)
DETAILED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
(252)
PRESCRIPTIONS
(253)
POSTOPERATIVE SCHEME &
(254)
CONCLUSION
(255)
C: Vibro-Assisted Liposuction
(256)
INTRODUCTION
(256)
LIPOPLASTY
(257)
LIPOLYMPHOSUCTION
(257)
THE VIBRO-ASSISTED METHOD
(257)
D: Lipofilling
(259)
LIFTING
(261)
LIPOSHIFTING
(262)
E: Ultrasonic Hydrolipoclasis (External Ultrasound)
(264)
CAVITATION
(267)
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
(267)
TECHNIQUE
(269)
PATIENT PREPARATION
(269)
SOLUTION PREPARATION
(269)
INFILTRATION
(269)
ULTRASOUND APPLICATION
(270)
FREQUENCY OF TREATMENT
(271)
SIDE EFFECTS
(271)
REFERENCES
(273)
15 Subcision
(276)
INTRODUCTION
(276)
INDICATIONS AND MECHANISMS OF ACTION
(276)
CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR SUBCISION
(279)
PREOPERATIVE CONSULTATION
(279)
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
(279)
THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD
(282)
COMPLICATIONS
(282)
CONCLUSIONS
(285)
REFERENCES
(287)
16 Mesotherapy in the Treatment of Cellulite
(288)
A BRIEF HISTORY
(288)
THE CONCEPT
(288)
ACTION MECHANISM OF MESOTHERAPY
(289)
PISTORIAN REFLEX THEORY
(289)
BICHERON’S MICROCIRCULATORY THEORY
(289)
MESODERMIC THEORY
(290)
THIRD CIRCULATION THEORY
(290)
BENEFITS AND ADVANTAGES OF THE METHOD
(290)
MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES
(291)
SKIN ANTISEPSIS
(291)
MANUAL TECHNIQUES
(291)
GENERAL INDICATIONS FOR MESOTHERAPY
(292)
MESOTHERAPY IN CELLULITE
(292)
SIDE EFFECTS
(292)
COMPLICATIONS (8–45)
(294)
USES FOR MESOTHERAPY
(295)
FAT LOSS
(295)
CELLULITE REDUCTION
(295)
FACE AND NECK REJUVENATION WITH MESOLIFT
(295)
FOUR ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS THAT EXPLAIN THE MESOTHERAPY TECHNIQUE
(296)
WHAT IS MESOTHERAPY?
(296)
WHY ARE DRUGS INJECTED INTO THE SKIN?
(296)
WHAT DRUGS ARE USED?
(296)
CRITERIA FOR USE OF MEDICINES
(297)
WHICH DRUGS SHOULD BE USED AND HOW SHOULD THEY BE ADMINISTERED?
(297)
CONCERNS REGARDING THE CHOICE OF DRUG COMBINATIONS
(297)
SUBSTANCE USED
(297)
ADMINISTRATION
(299)
RECEPTORS
(299)
METHOD OF APPLICATION
(299)
PROCEDURE
(299)
MATERIALS REQUIRED (19)
(300)
DRUGS AND PRODUCTS USED IN MESOTHERAPY
(302)
DISINFECTANTS
(302)
AESCULUS (23)
(302)
CONJOCTYL (SALICYLATE OF MONOMETILSILANOTRIOL) (24)
(302)
CHOFITOL: (EXTRACT OF ALCACHOFA–C SCOLYMUS) (25)
(303)
MELILOTUS-RUTOSIDO (26)
(303)
PROCAINE
(304)
BUFLOMEDIL
(304)
CAFFEINE
(304)
PHENTOLAMINE
(305)
GINKGO BILOBA
(305)
MESOGLYCANS
(305)
PENTOXIFYLLINE
(305)
THEOPHYLLINE
(305)
TRIAC
(306)
YOHIMBINE
(306)
NO-NEEDLE MESOTHERAPY
(307)
CONCLUSION
(308)
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE RESULTS OF MESOTHERAPY AND LIPOSCULPTURE
(308)
REFERENCES
(309)
17 Manual Lymphatic Drainage
(312)
REFERENCES
(315)
18 The Role of Dermoelectroporation
(316)
INTRODUCTION
(316)
TRANSDERM METHOD
(317)
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES
(317)
POSSIBLE USES
(318)
DERMOELECTROPORATION TREATMENT
(318)
CLINICAL STUDY
(319)
CONCLUSIONS
(322)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(322)
REFERENCES
(323)
19 Lipodissolve for Body Sculpting
(326)
INTRODUCTION
(326)
PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE (PC)
(327)
DEOXYCHOLATE (DEOXYCHOLIC ACID)
(330)
AVAILABILITY OF LIPOSTABIL IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
(331)
LIPOSTABIL1 IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
(331)
CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR LIPODISSOLVE INJECTIONS
(332)
SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPODISSOLVE INJECTIONS
(332)
LOCAL SIDE EFFECTS (IN THE INJECTED AREA)
(332)
SYSTEMIC SIDE EFFECTS (CHOLINERGIC)
(332)
DOSAGES AND TECHNIQUES FOR LIPODISSOLVE INJECTIONS
(334)
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR LIPODISSOLVE INJECTIONS
(334)
LIPODISSOLVE FORMULAE FOR FAT PAD DISSOLUTION
(335)
LIDOCAINE
(336)
HOW TO MAKE LIPODISSOLVE SOLUTION IN THE OFFICE
(337)
PROCEDURE FOR INJECTING LIPODISSOLVE INTO
(337)
FATTY PADS
(337)
TYPICAL INJECTION PATTERN USING A 5ML SYRINGE (FIG. 3)
(337)
LIPODISSOLVE FOR INFRAORBITAL FAT PADS (RITTES’ TECHNIQUE)
(338)
CLINICAL EXAMPLES OF LIPODISSOLVE THERAPY
(338)
LIPODISSOLVE SUMMARY: SIMPLE INJECTIONS FOR FAT REDUCTION
(338)
REFERENCES
(347)
Index
(348)
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