• Contents (8)
• Preface (16)
• CHAPTER 1 Overview of Formation Damage (20)
  • Common Formation Damage Problems, Factors, and Mechanisms (23)
  • Team for Understanding and Mitigation of Formation Damage (25)
  • Objectives of the Book (25)
• PART I: Characterization of the Reservoir Rock for Formation Damage (28)
  • CHAPTER 2 Mineralogy and Mineral Sensitivity of Petroleum-Bearing Formations (29)
    • Origin of Petroleum-Bearing Formations (30)
    • Constituents of Sedimentary Rocks (30)
    • Composition of Petroleum-Bearing Formations (31)
    • Mineral Sensitivity of Sedimentary Formations (33)
    • Mechanisms of Clay Swelling (41)
    • Models for Clay Swelling (44)
    • Graphical Representation of Clay Content (61)
    • Hayatdavoudi Hydration Index (HHI) (62)
  • CHAPTER 3 Petrography and Texture of Petroleum-Bearing Formations (68)
    • Petrographical Characteristics (68)
  • CHAPTER 4 Petrophysics-Flow Functions and Parameters (85)
    • Wettability Alteration (85)
    • End-Point Saturations (91)
    • Alteration of the Flow Functions: Capillary Pressure and Relative Permeability (91)
  • CHAPTER 5 Permeability Relationships (99)
    • The Carman-Kozeny Hydraulic Tubes Model (99)
    • The Modified Carman-Kozeny Equation Incorporating the Flow Units Concept (102)
    • The Modified Carman–Kozeny Equation for Porous Media Altered by Deposition (103)
    • The Flow Efficiency Concept (103)
    • The Plugging-Nonplugging Parallel Pathways Model (106)
    • Multi-Parameter Regression Models (111)
    • Network Models (111)
    • Modified Fair-Hatch Equation (112)
    • Power-Law Flow-Units Equation (113)
    • Effect of Dissolution/Precipitation on Porosity and Permeability (113)
    • Effect of Deposition/Dissolution and Stress on Porosity and Permeability (114)
    • Effect of Temperature on Porosity and Permeability (114)
  • CHAPTER 6 Instrumental and Laboratory Techniques for Characterization of Reservoir Rock (121)
    • Formation Evaluation (122)
    • X-Ray Diffraction (126)
    • X-Ray CT Scanning (126)
    • X-Ray Fluoroscopy (127)
    • Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (127)
    • Thin Section Petrography (128)
    • Petrographic Image Analysis (128)
    • Polarized Light Microscopy (128)
    • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) (129)
    • Acoustic Techniques (130)
    • Cation Exchange Capacity (130)
    • (Zeta)–Potential (135)
    • Wettability (136)
    • Mineral Quantification (139)
• PART II: Characterization of the Porous Media Processes for Formation Damage (146)
  • CHAPTER 7 Multi-Phase and Multi-Species Transport in Porous Media (147)
    • Multi-Phase and Species Systems in Porous Media (147)
    • Multi-Species and Multi-Phase Macroscopic Transport Equations (152)
  • CHAPTER 8 Particulate Processes in Porous Media (159)
    • Paniculate Processes (160)
    • Forces Acting Upon Particles (164)
    • Rate Equations for Particulate Processes in Porous Matrix (167)
  • CHAPTER 9 Crystal Growth and Scale Formation in Porous Media (183)
    • Inorganic Precipitation (183)
    • Organic Precipitation (184)
    • Crystallization (185)
    • Grain Nucleation, Growth, and Dissolution (186)
    • Crystallization Kinetics (190)
    • Particle Growth and Dissolution in Solution (193)
    • Scale Formation and Dissolution at the Pore Surface (195)
    • Crystal Surface Displacement by Dissolution and Precipitation (197)
• PART III: Formation Damage by Particulate Processes (201)
  • CHAPTER 10 Single-Phase Formation Damage by Fines Migration and Clay Swelling (202)
    • The Thin Slice Algebraic Model (203)
    • The Compartments-in-Series Ordinary Differential Model (216)
    • Simplified Partial Differential Model (218)
    • The Plugging-Nonplugging Parallel Pathways Partial Differential Model (220)
    • Model Considering the Clayey Formation Swelling and Indigeneous and External Particles (227)
    • Model Assisted Analysis of Experimental Data a (232)
  • CHAPTER 11 Two-Phase Formation Damage by Fines Migration (257)
    • Formulation (258)
    • Fluid and Species Transport (260)
    • Wettability Transformation and Interface Transfer of Particles (266)
    • Particle Retention in Porous Media (266)
    • Filter Cake Formation on the Injection Face (270)
    • Model Assisted Analysis of Experimental Data b (270)
  • CHAPTER 12 Cake Filtration: Mechanism, Parameters and Modeling (281)
    • Incompressive Cake Filtration (284)
    • Compressive Cake Filtration Including Fines Invasion (310)
• PART IV: Formation Damage by Inorganic and Organic Processes (341)
  • CHAPTER 13 Inorganic Scaling and Geochemical Formation Damage (342)
    • Geochemical Phenomena—Classification, Formulation, Reactions in Porous Media (345)
    • Geochemical Modeling (354)
    • Graphical Description of the Rock-Fluid Chemical Equilibria (358)
    • Geochemical Model Assisted Analysis of Solid Mineral—Aqueous Phase Interactions and Construction of Charts (363)
  • CHAPTER 14 Formation Damage by Organic Deposition (398)
    • Characteristics of Asphaltenic Oils (401)
    • Mechanisms of the Heavy Organic Deposition (407)
    • Asphaltene and Wax Phase Behavior and Deposition Envelopes (411)
    • Asphaltene Adsorption (424)
    • Empirical Algebraic Model for Formation Damage by Asphaltene Precipitation in Single Phase (429)
    • Simplified Analytic Model for Asphaltene-Induced Formation Damage in Single-Phase (433)
    • Plugging-Nonplugging Pathways Model for Asphaltene Deposition in Single-Phase (440)
    • Two-Phase and Dual-Porosity Model for Simultaneous Asphaltene-Paraffin Deposition (447)
    • Single-Porosity and Two-Phase Model for Organic Deposition (457)
• PART V: Assessment of the Formation Damage Potential (474)
  • CHAPTER 15 Laboratory Evaluation of Formation Damage (475)
    • Fundamental Processes of Formation Damage in Petroleum Reservoirs (477)
    • Selection of Reservoir Compatible Fluids (478)
    • Experimental Set-up for Formation Damage Testing (478)
    • Special Purpose Core Holders (480)
    • Guidelines and Program for Laboratory Formation Damage Testing (489)
    • Core Flood Tests (497)
    • Laboratory Procedures for Evaluation of Formation Damage Problems (497)
    • The Liquid Block Problem (500)
    • The Mud Damage Problem (501)
    • Evaluation of Drilling Muds—Damage Potential and Removal (501)
    • Evaluation of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids (507)
    • Evaluation of Workover and Injection Fluids (507)
    • Evaluation of Workover Damage and Remedial Chemicals (510)
    • Critical Interstitial Fluid Velocity and pH for Hydrodynamic Detachment of Fines in Porous Media (510)
    • Scaling from Laboratory to Bottom Hole (518)
    • Determination of the Formation Damage Potential by Laboratory Testing (519)
  • CHAPTER 16 Simulator Development (547)
    • Description of Fundamental Model Equations (548)
    • Numerical Solution of Formation Damage Models (551)
    • Ordinary Differential Equations (552)
    • Partial Differential Equations (557)
  • CHAPTER 17 Model Assisted Analysis and Interpretation of Laboratory and Field Tests (571)
    • Measurement Error (573)
    • Error Analysis—Propagation, Impact, Estimation (575)
    • Sensitivity Analysis—Stability and Conditionality (580)
    • Model Validation, Refinement, and Parameter Estimation (583)
    • Determination of the Formation Damage Potential by Simulation (589)
• PART VI: Formation Damage Models for Field Applications (626)
  • CHAPTER 18 Drilling Mud Filtrate and Solids Invasion and Mudcake Formation (627)
    • Simplified Single Phase Mud Filtrate Invasion Model (632)
    • Two-Phase Wellbore Mud Invasion and Filter Cake Formation Model (636)
  • CHAPTER 19 Interjectivity of the Water-flooding Wells (646)
    • Injectivity Ratio (647)
    • Models Separating the Internal and External Filtration Processes (651)
    • Diagnostic-Type Curves for Water Injectivity Tests (658)
    • Models for Field Applications (660)
    • Models Coupling the Internal and External Filtration Processes (662)
  • CHAPTER 20 Reservoir Sand Migration and Gravel-Pack Damage: Stress-Induced Formation Damage, Sanding Tendency, Prediction, and Control (666)
    • Sand Control (667)
    • Gravel Design Criteria (670)
    • Prediction of Sanding Conditions (674)
    • Massive Sand Production Model (677)
    • Sand Retention in Gravel-Packs (683)
  • CHAPTER 21 Formation Damage by Scale Deposition (688)
    • Sulfur Deposition Model (688)
    • Calcite Deposition Model (693)
• PART VII: Diagnosis and Mitigation of Formation Damage (698)
  • CHAPTER 22 Field Diagnosis and Measurement of Formation Damage (699)
    • Diagnosis and Evaluation of Formation Damage in the Field (700)
    • Pseudo-Damage Versus Formation Damage (703)
    • Measures of Formation Damage (703)
    • Flow Efficiency (710)
    • Depth of Damage (712)
    • Model-Assisted Estimation of Skin Factor (713)
    • Model-Assisted Analysis of the Near-Wellbore Permeability Alteration using Pressure Transient Data (713)
    • Continuous Real Time Series Analysis for Detection and Monitoring Formation Damage Effects (717)
    • Formation Damage Expert System (721)
  • CHAPTER 23 Formation Damage Control and Remediation (725)
    • Selection of Treatment Fluids (729)
    • Clay Stabilization (730)
    • pH–Buffer Solutions (733)
    • Clay and Silt Fines (734)
    • Bacterial Damage (735)
    • Inorganic Scales (736)
    • Organic Deposits (736)
    • Mixed Organic/Inorganic Deposits (737)
    • Formation Damage Induced by Completion-Fluids and Crude-Oil Emulsions (737)
    • Wettability Alteration and Emulsion and Water Blocks (737)
    • Intense Heat Treatment (738)
    • Stimulation by Hydraulic Fracturing (738)
• Index (749)
  • A (749)
  • B (749)
  • C (749)
  • D (750)
  • E (751)
  • F (751)
  • G (753)
  • H (753)
  • I (753)
  • K (753)
  • L (754)
  • M (754)
  • N (755)
  • O (755)
  • P (755)
  • R (757)
  • S (757)
  • T (758)
  • V (758)
  • W (759)
  • X (759)
  • Z (759)
• About the Author (760)